What does the inference theory of forgetting suggest?

The inference theory of forgetting posits that the inability to retrieve certain memories is influenced by the presence of new information that interferes with older memories. This interference can occur in two primary forms: proactive interference, where older memories hinder the recall of newer information, and retroactive interference, where newer memories disrupt the retrieval of older information. The theory emphasizes that the act of forgetting is often not due to a gradual loss of memory or decay, but rather a competition between memories, highlighting that both new and old information can influence how effectively we access our memories. This perspective shifts the focus from an idea of memories simply fading away over time to one where the relationship and interplay between different pieces of information play a significant role in our ability to remember.