What idea did Johann Herbart propose regarding consciousness?

Johann Herbart proposed that ideas must possess sufficient strength to penetrate consciousness. This concept implies that not all ideas are equally capable of entering our awareness; rather, only those that have a strong enough "strength" or intensity can break through the threshold of consciousness. Herbart believed that the process of consciousness involves a filtering mechanism, where weaker ideas may be kept at bay, while only the more salient ideas gain access to our conscious awareness.

This idea is significant as it contrasts with notions of random or uncontrolled entry of ideas into consciousness. It suggests that there is an active process involved in what we become aware of, which aligns with his broader theories on the dynamics of the mind, including how ideas interact and compete for attention. Understanding this helps delineate how Herbart viewed consciousness not merely as a passive recipient of thoughts, but as an active system shaped by the strength of incoming ideas.