What is the concept of the ambient optic array in Gibson's theory?

The concept of the ambient optic array, as proposed by James J. Gibson, refers to a structured array of light that is reflected from the environment and interacts with an observer's visual system. This array consists of the various patterns of light and shadow created by objects in the environment and their spatial relationships. Instead of perceiving objects as isolated entities, the ambient optic array emphasizes how these objects are part of a larger, structured environment that provides critical information for perception and action.

This structured nature of the ambient optic array plays a crucial role in how individuals perceive depth, movement, and the relations among objects within their surroundings. It highlights the idea that perceptual experience is deeply tied to the specific characteristics of the environment, allowing for a more ecological approach to understanding sensory input. Gibson's work aimed to illustrate that perception is directly influenced by the properties of the environment, rather than being solely a product of sensory processing independent of that context.