What principle did Condillac illustrate with the Sentient Statue thought experiment?

The principle illustrated by Condillac with the Sentient Statue thought experiment is tabula rasa, which translates to "blank slate." This concept is foundational to the understanding of knowledge and experience in psychology and philosophy. Through the thought experiment, Condillac posited that if a statue were endowed with senses and the ability to experience the world, it would acquire knowledge solely through sensory experiences. This example underscores the idea that individuals are born without innate ideas or knowledge and that all understanding is derived from experience and sensory input.

In contrast, vitalism refers to the belief in a vital force distinct from physical or chemical processes, which does not align with Condillac's emphasis on sensory experience shaping knowledge. Behaviorism focuses on observable behaviors and dismisses internal mental states, while dualism concerns the distinction between mind and body, both of which diverge from the principle of a blank slate where experiences shape understanding without presupposed knowledge or innate ideas.