Which physiologists researched the properties of the synapse?

The correct choice highlights the contributions of Sherrington and Loewi, both of whom significantly advanced the understanding of synapses.

Sherrington is known for his work on reflexes and the concept of synaptic transmission. He coined the terms "synapse" and "psychology" and conducted experiments that elucidated how nerve impulses are transmitted between neurons through synapses. His research laid the groundwork for understanding the physiological processes that underlie neural communication.

Loewi, on the other hand, is recognized for his discovery of neurotransmitters and the role they play in synaptic transmission. He famously demonstrated that nerve impulses could cause the release of chemical messengers, which allowed for communication between neurons. His experiments with the heart of a frog revealed how one nerve could release a substance that influenced another nerve's activity, further supporting the chemical nature of synaptic transmission.

Together, Sherrington and Loewi's work contributed to a comprehensive understanding of the synapse's properties and the mechanisms of neural communication, making this choice the most accurate regarding the study of synapses.